accuracy of linear vertical measurements in posterior mandible onpanoramic view

background: one of the most frequent concerns encountered in dental implant treatments is inadequate pre‑operative planning. panoramic radiographs are readily accessible and cost efficient. the aim of this study is to assess the accuracy of vertical measurements in mandibular molar andpremolar region on panoramic radiography. materials and methods : panoramic radiographs were made of a partially edentulous sheep mandible mounted in acryl. measurements collected from the computer‑generated images were compared to measurements made directly on the cross‑sectioned hemi‑mandibles using t ‑test. p < 0.05 was considered significant. results: the results show that panoramic image is overestimated in predicting the linear measurements in posterior mandible. by applying the magnification factor of 1.29 the differencebecame insignificant. conclusion: it seems rational to use panoramic radiography for pre‑surgical implant assessmentof posterior mandible if a true magnification factor is applied. key words: implant, mandible, panoramic, vertical measurements